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Background The French colonies of Senegal and the French Sudan were merged in 1959 and granted their independence as the Mali Federation in 1960. The union broke up after only a few months. Senegal joined with The Gambia to form the nominal confederation of Senegambia in 1982. The envisaged integration of the two countries was never carried out, and the union was dissolved in 1989. The Movement of Democratic Forces in the Casamance (MFDC) has led a low-level separatist insurgency in southern Senegal since the 1980s, and several peace deals have failed to resolve the conflict. Nevertheless, Senegal remains one of the most stable democracies in Africa. Senegal was ruled by a Socialist Party for 40 years until current President Abdoulaye WADE was elected in 2000. He was reelected in February 2007 and has amended Senegal's constitution over a dozen times to increase executive power and to weaken the opposition, part of the President's increasingly autocratic governing style. Senegal has a long history of participating in international peacekeeping and regional mediation. Population 14,086,103 (July 2010 est.) Government type 14 regions (regions, singular - region); Dakar, Diourbel, Fatick, Kaffrine, Kaolack, Kedougou, Kolda, Louga, Matam, Saint-Louis, Sedhiou, Tambacounda, Thies, Ziguinchor Administrative divisions republic Independence Independence Day, 4 April (1960) International organization participation three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), yellow, and red with a small green five-pointed star centered in the yellow band Economy - overview Market value of publicly traded shares agricultural and fish processing, phosphate mining, fertilizer production, petroleum refining; iron ore, zircon, and gold mining, construction materials, ship construction and repair Agriculture - products 1.5% (2009 est.) Industries 1.88 billion kWh (2007 est.) Industrial production growth rate 1.384 billion kWh (2007 est.) Electricity - production 0 kWh (2008 est.) Oil - production 5,653 bbl/day (2007 est.) Internet country code 1.02 million (2008)